Religion in Things Fall Apart Essay examples - 1076 Words

For many people, religion is a very touchy subject. For most, it is a personal decision; people choose a faith that aligns with their beliefs, ideas, and faiths. Although people would like to think that religion is a personal decision, and they can adapt it to how they feel and what they believe, in practice, that is not the case. Religion represents a commitment to a set of principles that are not moldable, adaptable, or flexible. Religion, although it may be a personal belief, it is extremely defined, with little to no room for flexibility. If people try to modify their religion to their own beliefs or ideas, the pushback can be severe. The lines in religion and faith as to what is acceptable and what is not acceptable are clear, and†¦show more content†¦However, in Umofia, and in 21st century America, this is impossible. Religion has become a community event. In Umofia, it is believed that everyone has an influence on the decisions on the spirits, and the actions of one can affect many. If Okonkwo angers the Earth Goddess, and then as a result the crops are poor, he is to blame for the poor season of every farmer. Because of this communal belief that one man’s actions can affect everyone, it is impossible for people to truly be independent in their religion. As long as other people can be hurt by one’s actions, they will be judged for their actions. Later on in the novel, after Okonkwo has been exiled and sent away, â€Å"A large crowd of men from Ezedu’s quarter stormed Okonkwo’s compound, dressed in garbs of war. They set fire to his houses, demolished his red walls, killed his animals and destroyed his barn† (TFA 125). Although some of them were Okonkwo’s closest friends, and they â€Å"They had no hatred in their hearts against Okonkwo,† they saw it as the â€Å"justice of the earth goddess, and they were merely her messengers.†(TFA 125). These people are fed up with Okonkwo and his action s, which they feel are hurting them. As a result, they go on a mission to destroy him and his property, by exiling him and then burning hisShow MoreRelated Religion as a Tool of Conquest in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart785 Words   |  4 PagesReligion as a Tool of Conquest in Things Fall Apart  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the white men who come to Umuofia find success in conquering the village by challenging Ibo religion. Because the first white men to appear in Umuofia were missionaries, the slaughter of Ibo society began with the challenging of the highly-regarded religion of the Ibo people. The white men began their religious assault by openly denouncing the many gods worshipped by the Ibo in order toRead MoreWestern Imperialism Essay522 Words   |  3 Pagesgovernment, religion, market, and behavior of most of the African nation and affect almost every person living there. An account of the impact of Imperialism is given in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart. This book shows the changes that occurred in Africa during Imperialism and its affect on the community and the people of the tribes that existed there. During the Western Imperialism era there were many changes made in Africa. One of the major changes that took place was that of religion. MostRead MoreThings Fall Apart916 Words   |  4 PagesThings Fall Apart It is hard to imagine being invaded and forced to change virtually all of our ways by a foreign nation. Unfortunately for the Ibo society, imperialism was forced upon them. All they could do was sit back and watch as the English changed all aspects of their life. Everything from religion to family life was changed by imperialism. The title, Things Fall Apart, suits the book very well because that is essentially what happened to the Umuofia village. The cultural traditionsRead MoreChinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesThe classic African literary tale Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe, is a brilliant account of historical African culture and the destruction colonialism can cause upon such cultures. As the reader follows the narrative and complexity of the characters through the novel, a sense of pride, trust, and faith in history emerges. Yet, with the introduction of colonialism the characters must learn to embrace and adapt to a ne w culture and set of beliefs or face termination from society. TheRead More Conflict and Tradition in Things Fall Apart Essay example748 Words   |  3 PagesTradition in Things Fall Apart nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The book Things Fall Apart successfully expressed how Chinua Achebe had succeeded in writing a different story. It pointed out the conflict of oneself, the traditional beliefs, and the religious matters of the Africans. Throughout the novel, Chinua Achebe used simple but dignified words and unlike other books, he also included some flashbacks and folktales to make the novel more interesting and comprehensible. Things FallRead MoreAchebe1599 Words   |  7 Pages Achebe’s Defense of The Ibo People in Things Fall Apart Option 1 The late Chinua Achebe is considered to be one of the most important voices in African literature. Born in colonial Nigeria in the 1930’s, Achebe joined the first wave of African writers who were determined to represent their country in a way that would truthfully depict the past and present. Before the arrival of the first wave writers, the history of pre-colonial Africa was portrayed as a place of barbarous activity. EuropeanRead MoreA Study on the Author, Chinua Achebe 1467 Words   |  6 Pageshis father, he was excited to learned English quickly. His father Isaiah Achebe was one of the first that converted from their religion to Christianity and he also founded the first church in Ogidi. Achebe enthusiasm for knowing about the west and east part of the world led to him mentioning it in most of his novels. Some of these novels include things fall apart, no longer at ease and arrow of god respectively. When Achebe was young, he surpassed at the government’s college in umuahiaRead More Things Fall Apart Contradicts Stereotypes and Stereotyping in Heart of Darkness1750 Words   |  7 PagesChinua Achebes Things Fall Apart Contradicts Stereotypes in Conrads Heart of Darkness In An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness, Chinua Achebe criticizes Joseph Conrad for his racist stereotypes towards the continent and people of Africa. He claims that Conrad propagated the dominant image of Africa in the Western imagination rather than portraying the continent in its true form (1793). Africans were portrayed in Conrads novel as savages with no language other than gruntsRead More Colonization and Wealth in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness and Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart1627 Words   |  7 PagesColonization and Views on Wealth in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness and Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart The novels Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad and Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe share a common theme; both deal with the colonization of Africa by settlers from Europe. When one examines the motives for this imperialist attitude in each book, one notices that in both books the motivation for colonization revolves around the gaining of wealth. However Conrad and Achebe define wealthRead MoreThings Fall Apart and Take Three1384 Words   |  6 PagesReligion. According to Webster’s Dictionary, religion is the belief and moral code a group of people believe in (â€Å"Religion†). Since religion gives people that moral code to live by, large groups of people turn to religion for ways to live their lives. In a study done by Ed Diener, at the University of Illinois, he found at that in the end, religion truly does make people feel more happy with whatever situation they are in (Rees). Throughout real life, and in many novels, religion plays an important

Essay on To Kill a Mockingbird Chapter 9-15 Questions

Chapter 9: 1. a) Atticus says its a word common people use. It just makes people feel bad and forbids his children from saying it. He said he wouldnt be able to hold his head up in town. Also, he does it to show his children a good example. Lastly, he stuck to his conscience and stood up against the entire town. c) Its about courage, in relevance to his taking of the case. Scout was using vulgarities. Atticus was saying this to Uncle Jack; that shed grow out of it soon. He’s explaining to Jack that children will always ask questions to things they don’t understand and should always answer them. Atticus was talking about Scout; that she may not do whats best all the time but she tries. Atticus doesnt understand the behaviour†¦show more content†¦2.The author gives such a description because she’s trying to show how sick Mrs. Dubose is. This makes me feel really grossed out. 3. Atticus tells Scout that nigger-lover is just one of those terms that dont mean anything – like snot-nose. Its hard to explain – ignorant, trashy people use it when they think somebodys favoring Negroes over and above themselves. Its slipped into usage with some people like ourselves, when they want a common, ugly term to label somebody. I agree with this statement because it just like any other rude term used to describe someone and its only said to make someone feel bad about themselves. 4. He volunteered to defend Tom Robinson, who is accused of raping Mayella Ewell. As one of the few people of Maycomb against racism, he sees it as his duty not only to take it, but to do his best to defend his client. Atticus puts across a strong case to prove that Tom Robinson is not guilty, to which the judge agrees, but the jury, after hours of deliberation, decides to ignore the evidence and charge him as guilty. He tries to instill in his children a sense of dignity and respect for others. Chapter 12: 1. Jem was twelve. He was difficult to live with, inconsistent, moody. His appetite was appalling, and he told me so many times to stop pestering him.. Overnight, it seemed, Jem had acquired an alien set of values and was trying to impose them on me: several times he went so far as to tell me what to do. In additionShow MoreRelatedRacism in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee Essay866 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† is marvelous and unforgettable novel. Not only show how dramatic, sad in and old town – Maycomb be like, but through her unique writings, some big conflicts about politics and critical is going on through this tired old Southern town. Not just in general like education, friendship, neighbors but also pacific in individuals like family and the people’s characteristics themselves. In one book yet can covered with such many problems, Harper Lee must have been experienced a lotRead MoreSocratic Seminar Questions Tkam Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesPeriod 6 Nieto Socratic Seminar Questions TKAM 1) Discuss Atticus’s parenting style. What is his relationship to his children like? How does he seek to instill conscience in them? a. Atticus is a wise man, committed to justice and equality, and his parenting style is based on fostering these virtues in his children—he even encourages Jem and Scout to call him â€Å"Atticus† so that they can interact on terms as equal as possible. Throughout the novel, Atticus works to develop Scout’s andRead MoreResponse Paper On Kill A Mockingbird 4156 Words   |  17 PagesRoselyn Sharma Thursday, June 5, 2014 Honors English 10 Summer Work: Response Journal To Kill a Mockingbird Reading Section 1: Chapters 1-3 Issue: Education Active Reader Strategy: Making Predictions Quote: By the way, Scout, you d better not say anything at school about our agreement (31). Response: In the first section of reading, Scout, also known as Jean Louise Finch, lives in the 1930 s during the time of the Great Depression. She livesRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird1885 Words   |  8 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird Study Guide Be sure to answer all questions in complete sentences Chapter 1 1. Where does the narrator live? Maycomb 2. How old are Scout and Jem when the story starts? 3. Who is their new friend? Dill 4. What is the name of the odd family in Maycomb? The Radley’s 5. Why does Jem touch the Radley house? To prove he’s brave Chapter 2 6. How does Scout feel about starting school? she doesn’t want to go 7. What things does Scout get in trouble for at school? Fighting 8. WhyRead MoreFarewell to Manzanar Novell Analysis Essay3943 Words   |  16 PagesPapas disappearance didnt bother me nearly so much as the world I soon found myself in. pg.9 3. Papa had been the patriarch. He had always decided everything in the family. With him gone, my brothers, like councilors in the absence of a chief, worried about what should be done. pg. 14 4. The name Manzanar meant nothing to us when we left Boyle Heights. We didnt know where it was or what it was. pg. 15 5. Being youngest meant I got to sleep with Mama†¦ I slept with her every night after thatRead MoreBook Report On Kill A Mockingbird 9802 Words   |  40 Pages LOG ENTRIES (TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD) Chapters 1-2 The chapters 1 and 2 of the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, the story begins at the beginning of summer, with the introduction of Scout and Jem two kids trying to enjoy to dog-days of summer in the plain and simple town of Maycomb. Their summer stays this way until they meet a boy by the name of Dill; Dill, Scout, and Jim play together by reenacting scenes from famous movies like Dracula. But when Dill hears about the legend of the Radley’s and thereRead Morea guide to mysql ch 7 Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesWeek 6 Homework - Due: Week 7 Name  ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬ 1. Review Questions – page 207 (A Guide to MySQL – Chapter 7) Questions 1 - 19 (type out the answers) 2. Premier Products – pages 207 - 209 (A Guide to MySQL – Chapter 7) Exercises 1 – 9 (create in MySQL) Except where indicated, use MySQL Query Browser to perform each operation and print the results. 3. Henry Books – pages 209 (A Guide to MySQL – Chapter 7) Exercises 1 – 9 (create in MySQL) Except where indicated, use MySQL QueryRead MoreThe Between Innocence And Evil, Injustice, Prejudices And Humanity3722 Words   |  15 Pagesripped us from our everyday lives and thrown us into mysterious worlds of time-telling rabbits or small tired old towns in Alabama, which will make us question the difference between innocence and evil, injustice, prejudices and humanity itself. This is exactly what happens when one is turning the pages of Harper Lee ´s bestseller  ´Ã‚ ´To Kill a Mockingbird``, the only difference is that once you have read the last page, you do not stop thinking about these problems. Instead, one comes to find that evenRead MoreTkam Djs2280 Words   |  10 PagesChapter 1 Maycomb was an old town, but it was a tired old town when I first knew it. Page 5 This quote is important to the narrator, because it upturns her feelings about her home. Chapter 2 Your father does not know how to teach. You can have a seat now. I mumbled that I was sorry and retired meditating upon my crime. Page 17 This quote shows how Scout’s teacher is mad at her because she knows how to read instead of being proud. It shows how closed minded some peopleRead MoreA Mockingbird, By Harper Lee5251 Words   |  22 PagesZwierschke 1 Alicia Zwierschke Mrs. Reade ENG2D4 19 May 2015 Man’s Inhumanity to Man in â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† A mockingbird is a harmless bird that makes the world a more pleasant place. In â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird†, by Harper Lee, the mockingbird symbolizes Boo Radley and Tom Robinson/ They were both more than peaceful people who never did harm, until a man’s inhumanity hurt them or ruined their life. This novel exposes the inhumanity through various scenario’s throughout the telling of Scout’s

Narrative Descriptive Personal Narrative - 1168 Words

It was around 3:30 on a cold winter afternoon, and my brother and I pull up into the Highschool parking lot. As he pulled up to the door of the school, I thanked him for the ride and he sped off to return home. I opened up the doors of the school, and worked my way down the steps, to the wrestling room to weigh in, and wait to leave. As upon entering, I was greeted by other wrestlers roaming the hallways. As I entered, I threw my things down next to someone and sat down. With the butterflies in my stomach starting to emerge, I was still content. The group of us sat in the large room joking around, and talking. Then it was all stunned to a halt when my coach yelled at us to â€Å"listen up.† He instructed us to gather our things and get†¦show more content†¦That is unit i realized that he would have to wrestle varsity to fill the weight class. Now I was a little weary about the future. When Lucas came up to me and asked if I was wrestling anyone, I told him no more to convince myself and stop my never ending worrying. After sitting in the locker room for twenty minutes we went out into the big gym. On the bleachers, the group of us pulled out a big snack and began eating away our hunger. Meanwhile my coach went over to meet with the Union grove team to figure out matches. With only one person in my weight class, and he s wrestling varsity I had little probability to wrestle. After we were done eating, the JV started to warm up. With a few stretches and rough moves. We gathered to see if who was going to wrestle. With little chance of wrestling I was astounded when My coach said I was wrestling. At that moment nervousness filled my body. My coach explained to me that I was wrestling someone two weight classes above mine. Starting with the lower weights, matches began. I was the eighth match out of nine matches. I sat down to try and gather myself and think of how the match would go. Before I knew it, four matches had occurred before me. At that po int my coach told me to start walking around and warming up once again. I had one of my teammates come over and stretch me out. Also like before the time had flown by, and my match was up. I strapped on my head gear, and went over to the scores table. IShow MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative Descriptive Narrative919 Words   |  4 Pages On April 14, 2017, I was reminded to never take life for granted. When you’re seventeen, you think you have all the time in the world. However, on this day, time came rushing in. I had just put on my bathing suit and gone to the beach barely even making a dent in the sand. My cell phone buzzed continuously like the nagging of a dog whining for food at the foot of the dinner table. The type of noise you drown out constantly. After settling into a soft sandy spot, I decided to take a quick peep atRead MoreDescriptive Personal Narrative Story1011 Words   |  5 PagesIt was a brisk fall morning at 4 o’clock, and I walked into the cold, stale hospital terrified. I was a brown haired, brown eyed 5-year-old wearing gray pajamas covered in blue, yellow and red race cars. I was scared and unsure of what was about to happen. I asked my mom, â€Å"What wong me?† Of course, she knew that meant, â€Å"What’s wrong with me?† â€Å"You are having a surgery but you will be alright,† she responded calmly. I was confused as to why she was so calm, while I was so worried about being in theRead MoreDescriptive Personal Narrative Story1438 Words   |  6 PagesI had woke up to the tranquility of a Sunday night there was a slight breeze, It was May 29th, 2016 around eight p.m. I was alone and confused in a poorly, lit living room. I stared into these white walls that were so bright it felt as if you were staring into snow, I was stuck and could only think, â€Å"I just have to organize all my things for tomorrow before I fall back asleep.†   I sat there on my couch tired from the late night before. I felt time was ticking as the sun faded with each second, IRead MoreDescriptive Personal Narrative Story746 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"Yeah go ahead and run Trinity!!! Run like you always do!† My mom slurred sloppily from the front porch. I sprinted toward South Mission Beach. As I ran further, I heard the screen door close with a loud clannnnng†¦my mom still yelling dr unken nonsense in the distance. That was nothing new. My eyes watered as I focused on my form. High knees†¦elbows straight†¦inhale†¦press†¦shoulders square†¦exhale... I put my earbuds in and thought back to when I was just a little girl on the Boca IslandsRead MoreCage Bird and How to Say Nothing in 500 Words768 Words   |  4 Pagescompare or justify anything to be superior to something else, you must have more than one thing to compare. When I start to review narrative and descriptive essays, I have to try to understand what separates the two. I chose to compare â€Å"Caged Bird†, by Maya Angelou as my Descriptive essay and â€Å"How to say nothing in 500 words†, by Paul McHenry Roberts as my narrative essay. To me these two essays set themselves apart from each other, not just because of the different styles of writers, but the meaningfulRead MoreNarrative vs. Descriptive Writing977 Words   |  4 Pages A narrative essay uses a point of view to tell a story. It is an engaging way for an author to tell his reader abou t an experience they have had or a personal story. Descriptive writing is a description of something. It could be a person, place, thing, emotion or experience. The author is allowed more artistic freedom when writing in descriptive form. While both descriptive and narrative essays are similar in many ways, the descriptive essays use of language fully immerses the reader intoRead MoreExpository Writing : Writing, Expository, Persuasive, Descriptive, And Narrative757 Words   |  4 Pages Just like anything else, writing has different expressions. Writing is a form of communication; the person is writing to inform, persuade, describe, or tell a story. There are four main types of writing styles, expository, persuasive, descriptive, and narrative. We then choose what we want to read according to our interest in each category. Let’s look at expository writing. Expository writing is usually developed around one topic and is used to describe or inform you about a particular subjectRead MoreLoss of Freedom in Sedaris This Old House and Angelous Caged Bird1274 Words   |  6 Pagesconstructs his feelings through narrative writing, and Angelou explores her concerns through descriptive writing with the analogy of a bird, they still are exploring the similar topic of perceived loss. The loss of freedom, demonstrated by the demand to uphold a family image, versus the caged bird, remain very similar in both pieces due to perceived entrapment, disappointment and self-nonentity. Descriptive essays leave room for misinterpretation and confusion, where as a narrative essay is straightforwardRead MoreNarrative Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesThe Narrative Essay *What is a Narrative Essay? †¢ Narrative writing tells a story. In essays, the narrative writing could also be considered reflection or an exploration of the authors values told as a story. The author may remember his or her past, or a memorable person or event from that past, or even observe the present. †¢ The author may write about: -An experience or event from his or her past. -A recent or ongoing experience or event. Read MoreEssay Writing Forms and Styles1402 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelop the comparison, and reach a conclusion. Compare and contrast is arranged emphatically.[8] [edit]Descriptive Descriptive  writing is characterized by  sensory  details, which appeal to the physical senses, and details that appeal to a readers emotional, physical, or intellectual sensibilities. Determining the purpose, considering the audience, creating a dominant impression, using descriptive language, and organizing the description are the rhetorical choices to be considered when using a description

Coming of Age in to Kill a Mockingbird - 1015 Words

Unveiled Eyes In Maycomb County, Alabama during the Great Depression, Atticus Finch, a lawyer in Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird, explains to Scout Finch, his daughter, that you never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view - until you climb into his skin and walk around in it (39). At first, Scout does not understand the meaning of his words, but as she matures through the novel, her eyes are unveiled, and she understands what Atticus is trying to tell her. Over time, Jem, too, starts to see the meaning and depth of the statement. Throughout the course of the book, Jem and Scout both learn that one must know and respect people for who they are as individuals, not for what they appear to be.†¦show more content†¦Most Maycomb citizens, including Scout in the beginning, think that Boo Radley is a lunatic that nobody wants to mess with. As the story progresses and Scout learns about Mr. Dolphus Raymond and Tom Robinson, she starts to see why Boo wants to be a recluse. He wants to escape from the evil and discrimination in Maycomb. Towards the climax of Boo’s story, Scout starts to see Boo as an actual human, not just as a rumor from Miss Stephanie Crawford, the neighborhood scold. She sees him as a living human being and cares for him, unlike most Maycomb inhabitants. In the end, Scout realizes that â€Å"Atticus was right. One time he said you never really know a man until you stand in his shoes and walk around in them. Just standing on the Radley porch was enough† (374). One night, she drowsily remarks about the character in The Gray Ghost â€Å"Atticus, when they finally saw him, why he hadn’t done any of those things†¦Atticus, he was real nice†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (376). This is symbolic of Boo Radley because he is rumored for things he had never done, but when Scout finally meets Boo as a person, she finally realizes that all those accusations are lies and one must respect others as i ndividuals. Over the course of Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird, the main characters Scout and Jem learn to respect and treat others for who they are as individuals. By meeting three other characters of the novel, they learn this important lesson. Mr. Raymond and Tom Robinson both teach the childrenShow MoreRelatedTo Kill a Mockingbird-Coming of Age943 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird-Coming of Age Throughout the book, To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout demonstrates maturity in a number of examples. There were two main experiences where Scout could see herself come of age. Not only that, but she reflects on those occurrences and ask the question, why? At the beginning of the novel, Boo Radley is addressed. Rumors have floated around, referring to Boo as a â€Å"malevolent phantom† while accusing him of being guilty of â€Å"any stealthy small crimes that were committedRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird and A Time to Kill: Similarities and Differences818 Words   |  4 PagesA Time to Kill and To Kill a Mockingbird both have a number of similarities to be compared and contrasted. Both stories can be compared in their themes about justice and racial prejudice. However, this is where the similarities end. The themes and ideas in both novels are vastly different in shape and scope. In A Time to Kill justice is the main theme and most of the ideas are focused on justice and the gray in between the lines of black and white set by the law, racial prejudice is also touchedRead MoreMaturity And Personal Growth Often Appear Through The Experience1628 Words   |  7 Pagessuccesses, failures, tragedies, and most importantly, the los s of childhood innocence. Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird presents the ideas of coming of age and the loss of innocence while the Great Depression was occurring in the 1930s. Racism and gender inequality were widespread issues during this time period which gave rise to the Civil Rights Movement. To Kill a Mockingbird teaches its readers that the coexistence of tragedy and the loss of innocence affect personal growth through theRead MoreThe Setting Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1354 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis Name: Amy Lyons Title: To Kill a Mockingbird Author: Harper Lee Setting: The setting of To Kill a Mockingbird is a small town in south Alabama called Maycomb County in the early 1930s. Point of View: Harper Lee s first, only novel is written in first person due to the fact we see the whole story through Scout s perspective. Theme: One of the crucial themes that Lee based the novel on was racism, which was an extremely controversial topic at the time the book was publishedRead MoreA Prejudice Society in To Kill a Mocking Bird by Harper Lee745 Words   |  3 Pages To Kill a Mocking Bird follows Scout through her narration of life and witnesses the events that society produces. As Scouts understanding of the prejudice society she lives in grows her innocence is destroyed in the process. In her novel To Kill a Mocking Bird, Harper Lee symbolically uses Mocking Birds to show the destruction of innocence. A way Harper Lee presented the Mockingbirds role in society, was by asserting in the novel that to destroy its innocence, would be a sin and should notRead MoreThe Conflict Between Christians And Muslims786 Words   |  4 PagesLee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, a story about strong prejudices being exercised in a small town. Articles have been written concerning changing perspectives for example, David Dobb’s writing ‘Beautiful Brains’, a study looking into the minds of teenagers and explaining their set apart behaviors. Both of these pieces tell about the transition from child to adult and the perspectives that come with this growth. Coming-of-age involves recognizing different perspectives. In Harper Lee’s To Kill a MockingbirdRead MoreFinally In To Kill A Mockingbird, The Issue Of Coming Of1161 Words   |  5 PagesFinally in To Kill a Mockingbird, the issue of coming of age has played a major role all throughout the story. In the beginning of the story, Jem starts out as an innocent, fun loving boy. He is interested in football, trying to get a glimpse of the mysterious Boo Radley who lived next door, and playing with his best friend Dill. As he gets older, he has to deal with the way the town is treating him as well as the teasing and name calling from kids at school because of his father an attorney defendedRead MoreAnalysis Of More Than One Way1317 Words   |  6 PagesOleynik Mrs. Coad Honors Sophomore English March 19, 2015 Reevaluating the Mockingbird When one embarks on reading Jennifer Murray’s article, â€Å"More Than One Way to (Mis)Read a Mockingbird†, it becomes known that she is taking her readers through a thorough reanalysis of the novel To Kill a Mockingbird. Murray proclaims that Harper Lee’s novel is somewhat misunderstood and over appreciated. She claims that â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird, despite its awards and popularity, is a less than great novel†, and insteadRead MoreHarper Lee862 Words   |  4 PagesAshley Ewing Dr. Cohoon Literary Heritage 18 February 2013 Essay One Southern Parallels: An Exploration of the Life of Harper Lee and the Lasting Impact of To Kill A Mockingbird Harper Lee is considered one of America’s most enigmatic and influential writers of the twentieth century. Lee’s popular novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, offers readers deep insight into the dynamics of an unconventional family and Southern lifestyle in the1930s. Harper Lee was born Nelle Harper Lee on April 28, 1926, inRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird : Character Analysis986 Words   |  4 PagesCommonly, everyone thinks that the age that kids start to show personality traits corresponding with their adulthood traits is between 14-20. The process of growing up and becoming an adult may be difficult, but it is also a very important part of life. Many authors use this concept as a main idea in their novels. In the book To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, the author expresses the responsibilities of maturing and becoming an adult by how the main characters develop throughout the story. Many

Financial Statements and Annual Reports TFV

Question: Discuss about the Financial Statements and Annual Reports TFV. Answer: Introduction It is true that, nowadays, the popularity of the true and fair view is increasing continuously. The term true stands for the accuracy of the financial statements of the business organizations. It ensures that the financial statements are accurate and also according to relevant reporting framework such as: the IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards). They are free from the misstatements and do not mislead the users. Along with this, the term fair ensures that the financial statements of the business firms are free from the bias. But, the TFV concept has become a major subject of debate because of it has not been delineated compellingly yet. It is not strictly defined in the accounting prose. Apart from this, the true and fair view is a major part of English law. It is essential to accounting as well as auditing practices in the most of the nations. But, according to the Nobes and Parker, it is a concept that is commonly used by the people and therefore not a subject of disc ussion. By considering this fact, a literature r review is conducted to identify the origins as well as historical purpose of the true and fair view. Furthermore, this paper would also be helpful to show the extent that the Australian regulatory authority for financial reporting give support to the concept of true and fair view. Literature Review TFV: Origin (History) and Purpose The origin and purpose of the true and fair view is not so much clear. There cannot be find any statutory definition of true and fair view. In the views of Vladu, Mati Salas (2012), the true and fair concept is defined by the accounting standards as well as accounting practices. The concept is supported by legal opinions of Lord Hoffmann (British judge) and Dame Mary Arden (an English judge) in 1983 and 1993. It is a dynamic concept that cannot be inferred by the Court without getting confirmations from the practices as well as opinions of accountants(Vladu, Mati, Salas, 2012). These practices and views act in accordance with the accounting standards in order to meet the prerequisite of true and fair view in an appropriate manner. Along with this, the author Walton (1993) states that, the true and fair view is originated from the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The main reason behind it is that, the concept is related to the facts of the financial statements. It ensures that these financial statements are accordingly to accounting standards and principles of GAAP. They are free from the material misstatements and ambiguities as well (Walton, 1993). So, the TFV concept is originated to deal with accounting problems that are caused by the open areas as well as uncertainties initiated in the accounting law. On the other hand, according to authors Nobes Parker (1991), the true and fair view was first introduced in the 1948 U.K. companies act. The concept has a legal origin in the eighteen century and also got a legal definition regarding corporate accountability in the twentieth century. It has become a major part of English law. It is used as an essential part of accounting and auditing practices in the United Kingdom. The term is equally used in both public and private sector as well(Nobes Parker, 1991). Moreover, TFV is used to demonstrate professionalism in the financial statements and reports of the organizations. Apart from this, in the views of Omorogbe (2009), the true and fair view has been originated from to the Joint Stock Companies Registration Regulation Act of 1844 (UK). According to this act, business corporations are obliged to prepare true and fair balance sheets. Moreover, the TFV is an integral part to corporate financial reporting commands in the United Kingdome and numerous other English speaking nations of the world. It restricts the deceitful activities of corporate enterprises; and maintains transparency as well as integrity in the financial statements of the companies(Omorogbe, 2009). Furthermore, the author says that it is a legal term that is defined by the Companies Act 1948 (UK). The purpose of the TFV is to improve efficiency in the financial statements of the organizations. Along with this, in the words of Chambers Wolnizer (1991), the true and fair view is a prominent part of the accounting standards. It is an integral part of the IFRS and UK GAAP. The author further states that, in past years, the FRC (Financial Reporting Council) has published a statement to oblige the business corporations to present a true fair view in their financial statements and financial auditing practices. Along with this, under Companies Act 2006, the auditors of the corporations are legally compelled to determine that the accounts and financial statements of businesses are giving or not a true and fair view properly (Chambers Wolnizer, 1991). The auditors are also responsible to ensure that the accounts of the businesses are fair and in accordance with the accounting standards. In the same manner, Caroline Ann (2008) affirm that, the TFV concept occurred from the Anglo-Saxon accounting traditions. The companies that belong to the continental accounting practice use this concept in the preparation of financial statements. The author further state that, the TFV concept was created in 1844 in Great Britain. The historical purpose of this concept was to fulfill the prerequisite of full fair in the balance sheet and financial statements of the organizations. Moreover, the TFV is not clearly defined in Great Britain's laws and European laws too. The concept plays a major role to ensure that the financial disclosures of the business firms are useful to make investments decisions accurately(Caroline Ann, 2008). The TFV concept establishes a strong relation between the internal accounting and the external accounting to remove all the errors of the accounts in an effectual manner. On the other hand, in the views of Nobes Parker (1991), the TFV concept is originated for a common purpose. The major purpose of the true and fair concept is to maintain the accuracy, transparency, and integrity in the financial statements and annual reports of the business organizations. Moreover, this concept is also valuable in the accounting and auditing practices of the businesses. It is an optimistic concept that is essential in the preparation of the financial statements of the organizations. The author further affirms that the TFV concept provides the required accounting standards and authorizes financial decisions of the businesses(Nobes Parker, 1991). On the whole, it can be assumed that, the true and fair view is a legal term and therefore; it is widely used by the business organizations to prepare financial statements, balance sheet, financial notes, financial reports, and audit reports in an accurate manner. Extent to which the Australian Regulatory Authority Supports the TFV It is well-known that the concept of true and fair view is a major subject of debate for the people. It is because of there is no specific definition of the TFV concept. Moreover, it does not have any legal definition. So, it is also a major subject of concern that business firms are using or not the TFV concept to prepare their financial statements, balance sheets and annual reports. Apart from this, it is very much clear that, the true and fair view is mainly used in the business organizations of the United Kingdom. But, it is not pretty clear that the Australian regulatory authority is supporting or not the TFV concept in the financial reporting. The views and opinions of the different authors would be helpful to find that the Australian regulatory authority supports (or not) the concept of the true and fair value. In the views of Deegan, Kent Lin (1994), a true and fair view is a fundamental requirement of the Australian corporate reporting. The Australian authority supports the TFV concept to improve efficiency in the financial statements of the business enterprises. It has become a part of regulation with the existence of the Victorian Companies Act 1890. According to the Australian Securities Commission (ASC), the TFV is an essential part of the financial reporting as well as auditing of the Australian business organizations. Moreover, the sec. 297 of the Corporations Act bound the business entities to implement true fair view in order to prepare financial statements and reports in an accurate manner(Deegan, Kent, Lin, 1994). The Australian regulatory authority gives instructions to show a fair view of the financial statements of the businesses. In the same manner, Kilgore, Leahy Mitchell (1999) state that; the Australian regulatory is very strict towards the concept of TFV. The main reason behind it is that the TFV concept is an integral part of the IFRS and GAAP. The accounting standards presented by the TFV act in accordance with the accounting standards of the FRC (Financial Reporting Council). Along with this, finance directors of the Australian firms are responsible to make certain that their financial statements present a true fair view in the financial reporting and accounting practices as well(Nobes Parker, 1991). Moreover, the IASB (International Accounting Standards Board) encourages business associations to present a true and fair view in the financial statements of the companies. The IASB makes sure that any amend in the conceptual agenda of the accounting standards will not influence the significance of the TFV in the financial reporting of the business firms. It is incessant and nobody can separate it from the IFRS and GAAP(Kilgore, Leahy, Mitchell, 1999). For that reason, the Australian business firms should definitely implement the TFV in their financial statements and reporting. In addition to this, in the views of Salihin, Fatima Ousama (2015), both GAAP and TFV are enduring as well as dynamic concepts. The Financial Reporting Council confirmed the legitimacy of IFRS accounts in view of the true fair prerequisite in legislation particularly in sec. 393 of Companies Act 2006. The sec. 393 declares that the financial directors of the companies must approve all the financial statements and accounts if they fulfill all the requirements of a true fair view properly. Moreover, as declared in the Companies Act 2006, the directors may approve accounts only when they are showing a true fair view of the financial reports, assets, liabilities, audit reports, financial position, performance and results of businesses (Salihin, Fatima, Ousama, 2015). The Australian regulatory for financial reporting provides support to the TFV concept to maintain fluency, integrity, and proficiency in the financial statements as well as accounts of the business associations. On the other hand, Caroline Ann (2008) assert that, the concept of true and fair view is still ambiguous. There is not a specific definition of the true fair view. It does not have any legal definition. There are no such evidences are available those show the implementation of the TFV concept in the financial statements and accounts of the companies. Moreover, it is assumed that, the TFV concept can emerge conflicts between the accounting standard and practices. To reduce such conflicts, IASB has already initiated the concept of IFRS which includes accounting standards for international accounting. Most of the nations such as: the US, Canada, Australia, etc. used IASB accounting standards to maintain transparency and improve efficiency in the financial statements of the businesses(Caroline Ann, 2008). Therefore, it can be supposed that, the Australian regulatory authority for financial reporting widely emphasis on the IASB standards in preference to the true and fair view. Apart from this, Nobes Parker (1991) affirm that, a true and fair view is a widely used accounting standard. It has become an integral part of the accounting and financial reporting. There is no need of specific definition to present a true and fair view in the financial statements of the business associations. It is a common term that is used by the most of the business organizations on the regular basis. But, in the context of Australia, there is a strong relationship between accounting and taxation. So, the Australian regulatory authority supports the TFV concept and generally accepted accounting standards in the preparation of financial statements as well as annual reports(Nobes Parker, 1991). Moreover, the TFV concept is enforced by the Companies act 2006; and therefore it is a legal term and used by the Australian regulatory to maintain transparency as well as integrity in the financial reporting and financial statements of the businesses. Hence, it can be assumed that, the A ustralian regulatory environment for financial reporting supports the true and fair view at its higher extent. Conclusion On the basis of the above conversation, it can be concluded that, the true and fair view is an important accounting standard. The TFV is also accepted by the IASB, FRC, IFRS and GAAP. Along with this, it is also observed that, a true and fair view has legal opinions and therefore it is considered a legal term by business associations. The TFV concept plays a major role to improve the efficiency and accuracy in the financial statements and reports of the organizations. Moreover, it is also examined that, the TFV concept is getting more attention of the Australian regulatory authority to maintain the lucidity in the financial statements of the business associations. Bibliography Caroline, J., Ann, S. (2008). A true and fair view: harmonization of the accounting. European Journal of Management , 8 (2). Chambers, R. J., Wolnizer, P. W. (1991). A true and fair view of position and results: the historical background. Accounting, Business Financial History , 1 (2), 197-214. Deegan, C., Kent, P., Lin, C. J. (1994). The True And Fair View: A Study Of Australian Auditors Application Of the Concept. Australian Accounting Review , 4 (7), 2-12. Kilgore, A., Leahy, S., Mitchell, G. (1999). The true and fair view concept: evidence from Australia . Asian Review of Accounting , 7 (1), 96-111. Nobes, C., Parker, R. (1991). True and Fair: A Survey of Uk Financial Directors. Journal of Business Finance Accounting , 18 (3), 359-375. Omorogbe, C. E. (2009). RE-EXAMINATION OF A TRUE AND FAIR VIEW OPINION IN THE MIDST OF PECUNIARY CRISIS FOR INVESTMENT DECISION-MAKING. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT , 7 (2). Salihin, A., Fatima, A., Ousama, A. (2015). Analysis of the true and fair view concept: an Islamic perspective. International Journal of Managerial and Financial Accounting , 7 (1), 38-61. Vladu, A. B., Mati, D., Salas, O. A. (2012). TRUE AND FAIR VIEW AND CREATIVE ACCOUNTING CONCEPTUAL DELIMITATIONS BASED ON PAPINEAU`S TREE METHODOLOGY. Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica , 14 (1), 104. Walton, P. (1993). Introduction: the true and fair view in British accounting. European Accounting Review , 2 (1), 49-58.

Week free essay sample

Part 1 of 1 100.0 Points Question 1 of 10 10.0 Points International law includes all of the following except: A.The law of sovereign foreign countries B.Foreign custom and religious law Correct C.Private contracts between parties in different states in the United States D.International treaties and conventions Answer Key: C Question 2 of 10 10.0 Points Political risk is not affected by a weak or volatile rule of law A.True Correct B.False Answer Key: B Question 3 of 10 10.0 Points Which of the following is not a required element for a valid contract in the United States A.offer B.acceptance Correct C.price D.consideration Answer Key: C Question 4 of 10 10.0 Points The Statute of Frauds: A.requires parties to attest that they are honest B.mandates that parties must have legal capacity to enter a contract C.turns a contract into a criminal case if fraud is present Correct D.requires that some contracts be in writing in order to be enforced Answer Key: D Question 5 of 10 10.0 Points A counter offer is a rejection of the offer. Correct A.True B.False Answer Key: A Question 6 of 10 10.0 Points All of the following are defects that would trigger strict liability except: Correct A.customer using the product incorrectly B.design defect C.manufacturing defect D.warning defect Answer Key: A Question 7 of 10 10.0 Points Which of the following is a legitimate subject matter for a patent? A.a mathematical formula Correct B.a business process C.products of nature D.printed material Answer Key: B Question 8 of 10 10.0 Points Which of the following is not a factor in determining whether a trademark is inherently distinctive: Correct A.usefulness B.fanciful C.arbitrary D.suggestive Answer Key: A Question 9 of 10 10.0 Points Trade secret disclosure suits can be filed with the USPTO. A.True Correct B.False Answer Key: B Question 10 of 10 10.0 Points Business policies are usually inconvenient restrictions and a business hindrance. A.True Correct B.False Answer Key: B

Cultural and Intellectual Background to Chaucers Era free essay sample

Chaucer’s incredible career reflects the changing social and economic structures of England in the late 1300s. Before the 1300s, as I discussed, there were basically two classes. There was the Nobility, the wealthiest one or two percent of England, and there were the Serfs, everyone else. As centuries passed, families began to pass on skills at trades and crafts they would pass on. By the time of the 12th into the 13th century, the products that peasants or serfs were able to make became a commodity for exchange. Instead of importing goods, or having certain products costume made expensively, aristocrats and nobility began to buy from and realize the benefit of trading with domestic and local merchants. Instead of enslaving the masses to maintain agriculture, those with money began to cultivate certain populations for the products and services they could offer. Particularly as trade between nations began to grow, London evolved into a bustling port. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural and Intellectual Background to Chaucers Era or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This collapse in the two class society created a more mobile middle class that broke from agricultural serfdom, and began to find economic autonomy servicing the rich and, as time goes on, each other. By the time of Shakespeare, the popularity of theater was the result of a rapidly grown middle class that has some disposable income and a desire for leisure earned after a work week. Chaucer grew up and lived during this expansion of a merchant class. Because his father served an important recreational function for the wealthy — wine distribution — he had connections through clients that allowed Chaucer entrance into a noble and aristocratic world. As he worked his way up the ladder in the aristocratic and royal world of London (much like a young person working his way up the corporate ladder), Chaucer had access to and enjoyed many of the privileges of nobility. Importantly, he was not aristocracy, nobility or royalty. Chaucer had exposure to a vast variety of humanity and experience, which is reflected in his writing, particularly The Canterbury Tales. In short, he was a true social and literary Renaissance man many decades before the Renaissance itself settled in England. Even though Chaucer is one of the three or four most important figures in English literature, it is important to recognize that no one at the time, including himself, would have called him a â€Å"poet† or an â€Å"author. † Chaucer would have called designated himself at whatever job he worked, such as Comptroller, or Forester, never, â€Å"poet. † Writing in the Middle Ages and the early Renaissance, was not a career. There were no career writers in England until the eighteenth century, when the publishing industry made it possible for writing to become a commercial enterprise. Poets or narrators, like Chaucer, created their work on the side. They usually distributed their work to other members of the court or nobility in limited circulation. Or, as in the case of Sir Gawain, a poem was written and used for an aristocratic or royal event, like a wedding, birthday or holiday. The Canterbury Tales was more than likely distributed for readership amongst Chaucer’s friends and colleagues in the various aristocratic spheres he traveled. Depending upon how you choose to interpret a work, audience can be an important factor. It could be significant to know, for instance, when you read â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Tale† that only rich and noble men would have read it.

Managing Cultural Diversity in the Workplace free essay sample

Managing a wide range of cultural diversity in the Australian workplace impossible. We are now in the 21st century and immigrants are entering Australia in greater numbers than they did a decade ago. Nearly double, 70,200 in 1999–00 to 168,685 in 2010–11 (Australian Bureau of Statistics. )[4] The workforce demographics have indeed changed and a reflection of these changes are occurring in the workforce. Cultural misunderstandings and language barriers are enormous obstacles to overcome for effective work relationships. The changing demands of the workplace and global competition among companies is increasing ,effective ways to meet the needs of diverse employees and customers. The workforce now has a suggestion of different places, cultures, and backgrounds. Different values, beliefs and behaviours are now bought into our workplace. Workplaces need to know how to manage these differences and allow individuality to reach their fullest potential while in pursuit of organisations objectives. Diversity and the factors that make us diverse and one’s own identity which can create barriers that prevent the acceptance of diversity. We will write a custom essay sample on Managing Cultural Diversity in the Workplace or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There is evidence to suggest the Diversity is possible. in the workplace and has been happening for sometime, after all Australia was built by immigrants and migrants. Education has been needed successfully to address barriers on an individual and supervisory level. Accountability and individual’s responsibility are also relative to accepting and promoting diversity within the workplace. Included in this assessment is a strategy for workplaces to be effective in managing diversity with a description of FAIR http://alexanderconsultingsbiz. com) and also a five step conflict resolution tool. (www. rawfordsworld. com) Diversity has been considered in programs such as Affirmative Action or Equal Employment Opportunity initiatives, Discrimination, written in Law link by attorney general and justice (lawlink. nsw. government. ) The Equal Opportunity Management Institute definition is A composite of racial, gender, ethnic, national origin, cultural, attitudinal, socio-economic, and p ersonal differences. † (EOMI: 4300-2) The dictionary defines diversity as â€Å"The state or fact of being diverse [different]. † (Webster; 191) So, diversity simply means differences, with many factors making up these differences. Maslow stated that he saw an hierarchy into which the needs of a human being arranged themselves. Approaching a given situation depends on who the individuals are and many other factors. Those many factors make us different. Primary factors are a composition of those genetic characteristics of which we have no control, those being gender, race, age, and physical abilities and qualities. Those characteristics are generally absolute and basically shape our self-image as well as our fundamental worldview. To contrast the other many factors that are acquired that make up diversity, modified or discarded as live our lives (DuPont. K 1997. ) They may include educational background, differences in personal work style, skills/talents, education, and geographical location are examples of other diversity dimensions that make a difference in how to work together, income, marital and parental status, religious or spiritual beliefs and experiences gained in employment. These influences show how we interact or perceive one another. Kay duPont author of Handling Diversity in the workplace discusses additions to these factors and have created more diversity within our environments. Her statement suggests, â€Å"there are over 40 million people with disabilities in the United States and many of them are in the work place (1997. )† Their differences do not suggest they are unable to have as many valid ideas and abilities as the non-disabled, however many people are unable to look beyond their disability(1997. ) DuPont relates in her book to say that people are also made up of differing personality styles, learning styles and assertiveness levels. Personality styles are the defining behavioural tendencies of people while styles of learning are the different ways individuals process new information presented to them(2007. Assertiveness has levels which best describe the differing ways we may use power to make our wants, desires and our needs known to others (2007. ) In short, our multi-layered differences explain why we behave a certain way and why we are able to offer unique contributions to the work place. Such contributions are sometimes unnoticed because of the barriers we may erect to avoid dealing with others differences. Stereotyping, prejudice, discriminative attitudes and collusive behaviour are all barriers to accepting diversity and constantly interfere with our ability to working together cooperatively impossible. These barriers or negative attitudes that perpetuate our behaviours that is against people who are different from us. They are usually rooted in reasoning that is illogical with biased opinions that create many prejudices(2007. ) Webster defines prejudice as an adverse opinion or judgment formed beforehand or without full knowledge or complete examination of the fact (Webster:520. ) Kay DuPont states that prejudice is a preconceived feeling or bias, that this a normal human reaction as we all have prejudices. Our prejudices come from a variety of sources: environment, family of origin, friends, the media and other external influences that help us to formulate our belief system (1997. ) DuPont goes on to state along as our biases are unimportant things, like our brand of toothpaste, they are relatively harmless. It’s when we hold these prejudices against one another that we create all kinds of problems. Prejudices against other people are rooted in the belief that one’s race, culture, gender, class or group is superior to another,leading us to create the stereotyping of others (1997. Managing diversity, as quoted in the book by Lee Gardenswartz amp; Anita Rowe define stereotypes as fixed and distorted generalisations made about all people from a particular group. They are ridged, narrowed and judgmental and ignore individual differences (Gardenswartz and Rowe. 1998. ) As a way of understanding one another we stereotype. This causes conflicts as we attempt to understand one an other we make assumptions and possibly engage in offensive behaviour. Prejudices and stereotypes are the for-runners for behaviour that discriminates. Applying our singular experience or our biases with a member or whole entire group, we are stereotyping (1998. ) DuPont states that discrimination is treating people differently unequally and usually negative. Because of whom we consider to be a part of a group. When Discriminatory practice takes place it divides the workforce, increases tension, lowers self-esteem, creating a decrease productively and can cultivate a workplace environment that possibly may break out in threats of violence or violence (1997. ) Unfortunately, stereotyping, prejudice and discrimination are still facts of life in our workplace. These factors include, prejudices, stereotypes, discrimination and collusion, hinder the acceptance of diversity. Lack of acceptance hinders diversity in the workplace and minimise the success of an organisation’s outcome. Overcoming these barriers and accepting and utilising a diverse workforce had been accomplished it begins with making a decision for personal growth in this area of diversity and each individual taking responsibility for their behavior(1998. ) Everyone in the workplace needs to be accountable and willing to confront and eradicate the barriers we erect when resisting diversity. This means having personal awareness and taking responsibility for one’s own prejudices, stereotypes, discriminative practices and collusive behaviours. Communication is a process by which we impart knowledge, express true thoughts and feelings, exchange ideas, and form a connecting passage. Diverse organisational members may have different styles of communication, they may differ in their language fluency, may use words differently, may differ in the nonverbal signals they send through facial expression and body language, and may differ in the way they perceive and interpret information(1998. Utilising and having an understanding of diversity filters, and their impact, to more effectively communicate across differences. Non communication can result in exclusion. Exclusion is interpersonal behaviors and/or actions that reduce the capability of individuals or groups to contribute their best work effort to the achievement of corporate goals. It impedes employee development, decr eases individual and team productivity and reduces overall contribution to the bottom-line. The cost of exclusion is measurable, missed sales opportunities for example(1998. ) This all takes commitment to making personal change and a willingness to correct any inappropriate displays, honesty and a self-assessment of attitudes and beliefs is a good place to start to change behaviour. A willingness to give open and honest feedback is necessary when others seek to understand one another. This takes practice and having open communication creates a transparency, clears any negative thoughts or feelings. Working with people who are different from us takes trust and respect(1998. ) Communication is a process by which we impart knowledge, express true thoughts and feelings, exchange ideas, and form a connecting passage. Diverse organisational members may have different styles of communication, may differ in their language fluency, may use words differently, may differ in the nonverbal signals they send through facial expression and body language, and may differ in the way they perceive and interpret information. When we are willing and open to giving honest feedback, people have a need to understand one another. Individual responsibilities are broadened the more responsibility they have within the workplace, those in supervisory or management roles. Leaders need to set the promote diversity by setting an example, recognising subordinates for their diversity. There is a belief that if we treat people equally we have a harmonious environment where everyone feels valued(trainers tool chest. ) Conflict exists in any organization that strives to continuously improve itself to respond to changing customer needs Conflict is neither good nor bad. It is an indicator of unresolved differences and a natural outcome of trying to do things differently. As the diversity of employees and customers increases, so does the number of ways in which people do things differently. Bernadine Van Gramberg. 2006) Failure to manage conflict will negatively affect the corporate bottom-line Therefore, it is in the best interest of employees to develop and utilize skills to manage conflict effectively. Therefore, it is in the best interest of employees to develop and utilize skills to manage conflict effectively (2006. ) A five-step process can be used to an alyze and more effectively manage conflict situations with employees and customers, to identify the desired business outcomes. Given customer requirements, recall the goal for this interaction or relationship. (2) Identify opposing interests. Consider the issues and concerns that all parties bring to the conflict situation. (3) Manage yourself. In doing this step you would suspend judgments about a person or behaviors, drop your defenses, get information and seek to understand. (4) Seek a â€Å"win-win† resolution. Win-win resolutions achieve the desired business outcome and maximize benefits for all parties involved. (5) Use feedback to improve outcomes. Conflict situations are filled with feedback; use this information to determine how to align your interpersonal behavior with the desired business outcome (alexander consulting. om) The four techniques employed by Fair Way to maximize retention and productivity for maintaining effective working relationships in the workplace. These techniques are: giving feedback, offering assistance, assuring inclusion and giving respect. Together these form a strategy for promoting the acceptance and working with diversity. Good communication is therefore essential for using the four technique of the Fair Way strategy known as feedback. (www. trainerstoolchest. com/show) Feedback is giving information to others on expectations and how to meet these expectations. Feedback needs to be given early and often; especially when new team members have entered the work place. Feedback needs to be given informally and formally to everyone (trainers tool chest. ) This is how to gain vital information on what assistance is needed, information about resources or training. Inclusion allows all too fully participate of the successful running of the organization. It is important that all activities, including work-related social activities do not exclude anyone, making them all culturally appropriate. Careful selection of time for meetings to occur so there is no conflict with anyones schedule. Decisions must be announced or those that can be included in the decisions to all those are responsible for outcomes in that area (1998. ) Developing an environment which is respectful and free of offensive conditions is not impossible. Respect is recognizing each person’s unique value, contributions and potential to the organisation also knowing how they would like to be treated. Getting to know each other helps to manage diversity properly by being F. A. I. R. (trainers tool chest) The Australian workforce is composed of myriad differences, and it is those very differences, which make for a diverse, interesting, productive workplace. A strong, fair-minded, comprehensive diversity program does not isolate those of different cultural, ageism, or gender backgrounds. Instead it brings each worker into an understanding of his or her co-workers for their mutual benefits and to make diversity in the workplace possible. References Australian Bureau of Statistics. Immigrantion to Australia. Retrieved from http://www. abs. gov. au/ausstats/[emailprotected] nsfOpenDocuments) Bernadine Van Gramberg. Managing workplace conflict. Alternative Dispute Resolution in Australia Sydney 2006: The Federation Press Crawford’s world. The five steps of Negotiation and Mediation. Retrieved from www. crawfordsworld. com/rob/irc/Five%20Steps. htm Lawlink. Discrimination, EEO amp; affirmative action. Retrieved from http://www. lawlink. nsw. gov. au/lawlink/adb/ll _adb. nsf/pages/adb_eeo_affirmative_action Kay DuPont. Handling diversity in the workplace. Communication is the key. West Des Moines 1997: American Media Pub. Lee Gardenswartz amp; Anita Rowe. Managing diversity. A complete desk reference and planning New York 1998: McGraw-Hill McLeod, S. A. (2007). Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Simply Psychology. Retrieved from http://www. simplypsychology. org/maslow. html Trainers tool chest. Building trainers solutions. A Practical Approach To Diversity In The Workplace. Fair In Action. Retrieved from http://www. trainerstoolchest. com/show_product. php? idnum=1711

Wedding planning project

TRIP Policies and Regulations

TRIP Policies and Regulations The development of businesses and corporations worldwide has created a market that is property and rights oriented. There is a lot of scheming and fraud that governments and private companies have to develop protection for, in a form of copyrights and patents.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on TRIP Policies and Regulations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Not only are there ownership rights for products and physical property but also, for ideas and potential goals, plans and strategies. An idea is worth much more than the finished product because it is the basis for all production. One of the regulations that protects inventions and inventors, consumers and businesses is the TRIPS Agreement- which is Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. It takes control over trading and selling privileges in the market, regulating and enforcing guidelines for fairness and honesty. The purpose of this paper is to take a detailed look at the regulations and the process that govern transfer, sale and the general movement of products. An important aspect related to rights for these products and issues that could come up will be closely examined, which will clarify the problems that presently exist in the market and trading industry. The power of laws will be examined, through the example of TRIP, as it is a global agreement, which covers the whole market and is equally applicable to all people and organizations. Since profits and potential future success are one of the key points in trade and businesses, the reasons for agreement such as TRIP will be analyzed. The difference between countries globally, is very noticeable.Advertising Looking for essay on business corporate law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The developed countries have an established order and control of goods and intellectual property, while developing countries m ight have some setbacks or limitations that can be used by others to their advantage. The agreements are also made for a purpose to treat all members equally, to the point that if a certain favor or a special condition is offered to one participating side, everyone must receive the same treatment without exceptions. Previously, the world trade was not as regulated as it is today, which led to a number of unfair and unbalanced transactions. The transport and use of certain products might be regulated as well. For example, some products or technologies or even concepts, will not be allowed to be used in some parts of the world. This might be due to cultural differences or specificity of a product. Some businesses would not want to suscept the market to their ideas or product or they might want to keep it exclusive for their own country. The stability of the country, as well as relations between countries depends on governments, their communication and cooperation. The paper will also focus on the technology and information that might be taken out or taken into the country. The intricate relationship between the government, business and the economy directly affects the trade and the criteria which set up the framework and structure of the economy. When new countries join and become members, they are bonded by the same agreements and provisions. The governments take an active part in the enforcement and control of the established rules and regulations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on TRIP Policies and Regulations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The need for agreements and laws that regulate trading and property possession are a necessary attribute of the global economy and businesses. Governments, private corporations, as well as individuals, all participate in the establishment and continuation of fair and respectable trade.

Before the Mayflower essays

Before the Mayflower essays An article Before the Mayflower goes into a discussion of development of racism in Europe and Americas. I shall use the facts provided by the author and the concepts of Marxism to analyze and dissect the origins of racism in Americas and Europe. With the discovery of Africa by Europeans a new era began in European trade. It was very profitable to trade with a newly discovered nation since they possessed many products wanted by European traders and would sell them cheaply for the goods theyve never seen before. Africans were royal and noble people who didnt see themselves inferior to Europeans nor did Europeans see Africans inferior in any way. Its interesting to see that Europeans saw Africans superior in some trades, an example of one would be agriculture, which was better developed in Africa than Europe. Religion found its way to Africa as well. Many preachers turned their steps onto a black continent in order to spread gods word. Many members of African tribes did turn into Catholicism and held important offices in Vatican. Many Africans were servants, military men, traders and scholar in Europe. They participated in discovery and exploration of the New World after its discovery by Columbus. Africans moved into Americas with their masters. It was commented by Washington Irving that These negroes, like the monks of the Dark Ages, engross all the Knowledge of the place, and being infinitely more adventurous and more knowing than their masters, carry on all the foreign trade... Majority of Negroes came to Americas as indentured servants. Like their white comrades, they didnt see a difference between being black and white indentured servant. They were rigidly accepted by white people and interracial marriages were common. Blacks had all the rights of whites, they were free after certain amount of years working for the master, could accumulate property, and...

How to Convert Celsius and Fahrenheit

How to Convert Celsius and Fahrenheit Most countries around the world measure their weather and temperatures using the relatively simple Celsius scale. But the United States is one of the five remaining countries that use the Fahrenheit scale, so its important for Americans to know how to convert one to the other, especially when traveling or doing scientific research.   Celsius Fahrenheit Conversion Formulas To convert a temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit, you will take the temperature in Celsius and multiply it by 1.8, then add 32 degrees. So if your Celsius temperature is 50 degrees, the corresponding Fahrenheit temperature is 122 degrees: (50 degrees Celsius x 1.8) 32 122 degrees Fahrenheit If you need to convert a temperature in Fahrenheit, simply reverse the process: subtract 32, then divide by 1.8. So 122 degrees Fahrenheit is still 50 degrees Celsius: (122 degrees Fahrenheit - 32)  Ãƒ · 1.8 50 degrees Celsius Its Not Just About Conversions While its useful to know how to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit and vice versa, its also important to understand the differences between the two scales. First, its important to clarify the difference between Celsius and centigrade, since theyre not quite the same thing.   A third international unit of temperature measurement, Kelvin, is widely used in scientific applications. But for everyday and household temperatures (and your local meteorologists weather report), youre most likely to use Fahrenheit in the U.S. and Celsius most other places around the world.   Difference Between Celsius and Centigrade Some people use the terms Celsius and centigrade interchangeably, but its not completely accurate to do so.  The Celsius scale is a type of centigrade scale, meaning its endpoints are separated by 100 degrees. The word is derived from the Latin words centum, which means hundred, and gradus, which means scales or steps. Put simply, Celsius is the proper name of a centigrade scale of temperature. As devised by Swedish astronomy professor Anders Celsius, this particular  centigrade scale had  100  degrees occurring at the freezing point of water and 0 degrees as waters boiling point. This was reversed after his death by fellow Swede and botanist Carlous Linneaus to be more easily understood. The centigrade scale Celsius created was renamed for him after it was redefined to be more precise  by the General Conference of Weights and Measures in the 1950s.   There is one point on both scales where Fahrenheit and Celsius temperatures match, which is minus 40 degrees Celsius and minus 40 degrees Fahrenheit.   Invention of the Fahrenheit Temperature Scale The first mercury thermometer was invented by German scientist Daniel Fahrenheit in 1714. His scale divides the freezing and boiling points of water into 180 degrees, with 32 degrees as waters freezing point, and 212 as its boiling point. On Fahrenheits scale, 0 degrees was determined as the temperature of a brine solution. He based the scale on the average temperature of the human body, which he originally calculated at 100 degrees (its since been adjusted to 98.6 degrees). Fahrenheit was the standard unit of measure in most countries until the 1960s and 1970s when it was replaced with the Celsius scale in a widespread conversion to the more useful metric system. But in addition to the U.S. and its territories,  Fahrenheit is still used in  the Bahamas, Belize, and the Cayman Islands for most temperature measurements.

Globaltech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Globaltech - Essay Example Gained knowledge in the change simulation in relation to leading or managing organizational change My greatest learning in the simulation is the concept of diversity and its management towards a successful change implementation. The simulation model developed my insight on the fact that organizational set ups have diversified people, in personality and orientation, a factor that is critical to a change process and can undermine successful implementation of a proposed change. The concept of diversity emanates from the model’s different factors such as working with groups, interacting with people in a discursive forum, appointment of a core team to the desired change, stakeholder mapping and rewarding of the organization’s members for achievements in a change process. These factors’, however, require a psychological consideration that in turn recognizes the concept of diversity and its management for a successful change process. Diversity in an organization is majo rly attributed to cultural orientations that form the core basis of differences between people. Such differences then manifest in a group’s strengths, weaknesses, and conflicts (Aswathappa 231-233). The simulation helped me to understand possible barrier to communication in a change process because diversified personnel in a change process are likely to have different approaches to communication. A good example is cross-cultural communication difference between people from western culture and people from other cultures. While people with western cultural orientation prefer a direct approach to communication that is shallow and precise, other cultures apply indirect communication that is explorative and ensures detailed explanation of points in communication. This difference is significant to change management because of possible conflict among members of different cultures. Members of the western culture may perceive time wastage in other cultures’ explorative approach to communication while people from the other cultures may fail to understand concepts from the western culture’s precise approach to communication. Another essential to the concept of diversity in communication is people’s accent that is greatly affected by culture and people’s environments. Differences in accent have direct impacts on meaning of words and phrases across cultures and may lead to misunderstanding of motives, objectives, and visions in a change process. Two reasons accounts for this. A recipient in a communication process may confuse words and end up with a different meaning or the recipient may completely fail to understand conveyed meaning for necessary action or reaction. Elements of the change simulation therefore helped me to understand the role of communication in a change process and possible consequences of communication barriers (Brett, Behfar and Kern 85- 88). My developed knowledge in diversity and its management also include conflict and conflict management among people who are involved in change processes. Conflicts emerge at different level, from different perspective and are a common element of a diversified population such as members of an organization that

Social work. Domestic violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social work. Domestic violence - Essay Example It is quite concerning that incidences of domestic and intimate partner violence in the United States have in recent times experienced a surge that has now caused them to start occurring in rather epidemic proportions. The growth of the domestic violence epidemic is highlighted by the fact that it is estimated to annually be affecting an estimated about 6.2 million American women. Domestic violence has been shown to be causing these women more serious injuries as compared to muggings, car accidents and rape combined. During an average 12 month period, it has been shown that at least 4 million women experience an incident involving serious assault and is perpetrated by an intimate male partner(Schuler, 2010, p.164). As a result of the large number of domestic violence incidences perpetrated against women, Women have been shown to represent about 95 percent of the victims of domestic violence. While most of the research and focus of domestic violence is often targeted at women, of note is that there are a large number of cases whereby men have been noted to be the victims of domestic violence. Shuler (2010, p. 163)points out that in the 1970’s the issue of domestic violence was brought into the country’s general conversations by a number of feminist groups that organized and conducted numerous protests that were targeted at the criminal justice system and it is for this reason that the vast majority of individuals that happen to report incidences of domestic violence often tend to be women. The issue of male victims of domestic and intimate partner violence has now become an extremely serious issue in the United States. Shuler (2010, p. 164) points out that there are about 3.8 women and 1.3 men per 1000 that fall victim to domestic or intimate partner violence annually.Although it is a rather serious problem, the victimization of men by their women partners has largely been ignored by the general society. This is because of the

Explain what you believe to be the 3 biggesrt reasons why the price of Essay

Explain what you believe to be the 3 biggesrt reasons why the price of a gallon of gasoline has fallen so much in the last few momths - Essay Example or the decreased price is the decreasing oil demand based on that numerous countries have been developing oil reservoirs that can sustain their internal industry. In the United States, the production of oil has increased significantly since 2008. The increase has been influenced by the more advanced drilling in the Gulf of Mexico. Oil production from the United States has increased the supply to the international market. In addition, different from oil from the Middle East, the price for American Oil is relatively cheaper (Plumer 1). This is based on that the United States has decreased its purchase level of expensive international oil. The impact of the strategy has been consumer friendly. In the global market, more oil from the United States and other suppliers the supply is relatively high. This decreases the monopoly of production from the Middle East (Plumer 1). Moreover, with high supply the demand in in major oil producers decreases. To sustain their production, oil producers decrease the oil prices with the objective to retain relevance in the global market. This changes has significantly influenced the decreasing gasoline prices. The consumer ability to purchase cheap oil is directly influenced by the general drop in the price of crude oil. The fall being attributed to high supply and low demand of the product. On a daily basis, the United States millions of barrels of oil to supply to the large global oil economy. The slightest decrease on the price of crude oil has a significant effect on the retail price quoted for the gas. From 2013, the price of crude oil has decreased significantly. The projection of the decrease depict even more relatively low prices by the end of 2015. The fall of global prices was also influenced by the decision by OPEC not to manipulate oil prices and oil production (Plumer 1). Previously, the oil body would determine the prices of oil from its producers. The body has in its control the largest producers of global oil. With

Rise the of Global Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Rise the of Global Economy - Essay Example Sovereign Debt Crisis has a long history which goes much beyond the developing countries. During the Great Depression of 1930, default in debts came from France and UK. In 1956, Argentina had to face debt repayment problems which led to the formation of Paris Club. With borrowing having increased significantly during mid 1970’s, Mexico in 1982 came up with measures to fight debt crisis. The decade 1980- 1990 was known as â€Å"lost decade†. In 1994 Mexico was hit by ‘Tequila Crisis’ which passed to Latin America and many other developing countries. Similar defaults also happened in 1997 in Russia followed by the biggest sovereign default in 2002 by Argentina when it defaulted $141billion (Dodd, 2002). Currently America is going through the worst economic crisis of all times. Bankruptcy of major American companies like General Motors, Ford and Chrysler, financial institutions like JP Morgan, the sub prime crisis has all together resulted in the worst crisis of the American economy. There have been huge job cuts and consumer spending is at an all time low. Huge lending by the government to bail out the bankrupt companies and other economies has led to huge debt on the treasury. In this context fear of sovereign default and currency crisis is all pervasive. National debt refers to the total liabilities that government has. For US it is the sum total of all the outstanding debts that the Federal Government owes. Federal deficit refers to the difference between the amount of money that the US government collects from the public called receipts in the form of taxes and other sources and the amount it actually spends referred to as outlays. Financial deficit has two parts, ‘On-budget’ and ‘Off-budget’. The total debt can be regarded as the total of accumulated deficits and off-budget surpluses. The treasury needs to borrow money from the public in order to meet the on-budget

Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Responses to Warm Whirlpool Treatment Article

Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Responses to Warm Whirlpool Treatment - Article Example The human body in normal conditions has a temperature set point of 37 degrees Centigrade, which may get altered during the circadian rhythm, after sleep loss, during hypobaria, and subsequent to dehydration. The stability in temperature that the body maintains is achieved by maintaining a balance between the rate of heat production that occurs mainly through metabolism and rate of heat lost or gained from the environment. Normal rules of thermodynamics are involved in this transfer of heat from the body and to the body. Differences between the temperature the skin and the environment is the governing factor in the thermodynamics involved (Lloyd, 1994). The thermodynamics involved in the attempt of the body to maintain the setpoint temperature of 37 degrees Centigrade is responsible for the thermal stimulus on hemodynamics, and it is for this reason that causes Ishijima and Togawa, 1999, to maintain that bathing in hot water puts stress on the heart.  The human body in normal condit ions has a temperature set point of 37 degrees Centigrade, which may get altered during the circadian rhythm, after sleep loss, during hypobaria, and subsequent to dehydration. The stability in temperature that the body maintains is achieved by maintaining a balance between the rate of heat production that occurs mainly through metabolism and rate of heat lost or gained from the environment. Normal rules of thermodynamics are involved in this transfer of heat from the body and to the body. Differences between the temperature the skin and the environment is the governing factor in the thermodynamics involved (Lloyd, 1994). The thermodynamics involved in the attempt of the body to maintain the setpoint temperature of 37 degrees Centigrade is responsible for the thermal stimulus on hemodynamics, and it is for this reason that causes Ishijima and Togawa, 1999, to maintain that bathing in hot water puts stress on the heart.   According to Press, 1991, this stress on the heart originate s from the increased pressure from the water causing vasodilation, profuse perspiration leading to a decrease in the extracellular volume of blood, increase in hematocrit levels with shortened clotting times, and an increase in the consumption of oxygen, due to the conditions of the environment saunas, spas, and hot tub baths. This raises the possibility of cardiac arrests resulting in patients during their use of saunas, spas and hot water tubs, with particular emphasis on individuals with a history of cardiovascular problems (Press, 1991). Such an understanding of the hemodynamics associated with an individual in the environmental conditions of hot tub baths, has caused physicians to warn individuals with elevated blood pressure levels and cardiac problems on the possible risks they face in hot water baths (Shin, Wilson & Wilson, 2003). Nagasawa, et al, 2001, points out that there is the risk of sudden death from hot water baths as such deaths have been associated with bathing in hot water.   This study aims to answer the question of how heart rate and blood pressure changes during a full body warm whirlpool treatment. The purpose of the study is to observe changes in the heart rate and blood pressure that occur with a warm whirlpool treatment as against the heart rate and blood pressure at rest and hypothesize the reason why certain special populations are advised precautions in the use of warm whirlpool treatments or hot tub baths. The study revolves around the hypothesis that heart rate will increase with warm whirlpool treatment and there will be a decrease in blood pressure.

Fahrenheit 451 Essay Example for Free

Fahrenheit 451 Essay In life some people change, and others do not. In the book Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Guy Montag is a courageous, strong firefighter who constantly changes throughout the book. Reason how Montag is a dynamic character is when he kills Faber, when he starts to read Mildred’s friends the poem, and when he starts to take the books. Guy Montag is a dynamic character when he starts to take books. â€Å"His hand has done it all, his hand, with a brain of its own, with a conscience and a curiosity in each trembling finger, had turned thief. Now it plunged the book back under his arm, pressed it tight to sweating armpit, rushed out empty, with a magician’s flourish!† (41.) In the story, it is illegal to have books, because people who read will fill superior to others. At this point in the story, the firefighters are burning a house that has books in them. Montag becomes curious and takes a book. In the beginning, Guy Montag did not like books and enjoyed burning them. He is changed because he wants to read and know more about books. He became a more dynamic character by taking the book. Taking books is not the only other reason how Montag is different. In the book Montag recited a poem called Dover Beach to Mildred’s friends. â€Å"’ The Sea of Faith Was once, too, at the full, and round earth’s shore Lay like the folds of a bright girdle furled. But now I only hear Its melancholy, long, withdrawing roar, Retreating, to the breath Of the night-wind, down the vast edges drear And naked shingles of the world.’† (102.) At this point in the story Mildred, her friends, and Montag are in Mildred’s house. Montag is repeating Shakespeare. It is a poem about war. In the beginning of the book Montag did not want people to know he was reading books but now he does not care because he is reciting it to people. He changed from being secretive about reading to having others know even though it could get him in trouble. Lastly, Montag changed by becoming a killer. â€Å"Montag, you idiot, Montag, you damn fool; why did you really do it.† In the story right now, Montag just killed Beatty. Earlier in the story, Montag admired Beatty. He liked burning books at the end, now; he killed Beatty because he made him burn his books. He changed here from being a good firefighter to going against Beatty and the laws. Montag is a dynamic character. Montag changed, because he started to take books, he started to recite books, and he killed Beatty. If it were not for these changes, though, Montag would not be a leader. Changes in life can lead to new and better things in life.

Importance Of An Operating System

Importance Of An Operating System An operating system (sometimes referred to as OS in the acronym) is a process, after the initial startup programs are loaded into the computer, management, computer, all the other programs. Other programs are called applications or application. The application makes use of the operating system through a defined application program interface (API) service request. In addition, the user can interact with the user interface operating system, such as direct command language or graphical user interface (GUI). Operating system is system software, the computer work. We can say that an operating system (OS) is software and hardware interfaces for your behavior. It contains not only speak the language for hardware drivers, but also provide you with a very specific graphical user interface (GUI) to control the computer. An operating system can also be used as an interface (from the hardware) to other software. Like Windows or Linux or a Mac OS operating system provides a complex operating system services, but also has inch Solitaire, paint, Messenger build applications, are applied. Application software is software that you install your operating system. It includes procedures, just let you use your computer things. These applications are run on various operating systems. These include like your word processing program, spreadsheet things, e-mail client, Web browser, games and many other programs, such as most of Microsofts Office suite is written in the Mac and Windows versions, but you still have to have your correct version of the operating system. When an ISPs preliminary consideration is to look at the type of access required. Some ISP only provides dial-up access, is the slowest type of connection. If you want cable service, you will check with your local cable provider to see if it is to provide cable access. For DSL service, you may have several options or it may be DSL is not yet available in your area. Typically, this can be remedied by telephone calls to improve the local telephone company lines. Each ISP has its own privacy policy and service (TOS) contract terms that users must agree to before subscription will be accepted. Privacy policy say the company will not with the personal information collected at the time of registration. Name, address, credit card number, is usually required. Privacy policy and under what conditions should also be your personal information with third parties may be, government officials or others to share state. Terms of service contract use of this service. For example, dial-up access is often sold unlimited access, but this is not literally. General limit per month dial-up accounts 250-400 hours, depending on ISP. The real unlimited access (to your computer and actively connected to the Internet 24 / 7) are called dedicated access. Most DSL or cable subscriptions allow dedicated access. ISP services to the relevant provisions of the contract hackers rule also provides protection of copyrighted material, denial of service attacks, harassing other people, spam, damage to services, and many others. This is, most of the ISPs protection of the law so that potential customers know that ISP will absolutely not be tolerated. If you are planning to use cyberspace ISP, is also limited in the checks here. Many ISP does not allow commercial sites are set up on the server. This usually means that nothing can be sold from your personal web space, including, for example, a software program, you say, original music, or any other items. ISPs website often for personal use only, blog, post pictures, and more. An operating system on multiple operating systems to share hardware resources solutions. We have presented its structure, and suggested using the Linux operating system for ix86-based implementation. We also defined the field of application. Although the discussion of the implementation focused around the use ix86 Linux, proposed concept can be extended to other structures and other basic operating system to provide the same functionality. Because the operating system market and the current state of research, advanced Earth observation satellites can be used between the two areas to provide a bridge to promote greater flexibility and cooperation in the development of the operating system. This will provide the necessary development of user-friendly operating environment, not by a single choice of operating systems limited the flexibility of the application system administrators and programmers. An internet service provider: main purpose behind this directory is to help our site visitors who provide a great look on the Internet. We provide Internet access to the premium list will be your first choice. We list some of the most gaps in customer satisfaction according to our higher premium based on the list of rations ISP provider. ISP provider for the premiums we have an individual review pages. Basically, we have our web site differ in two major parts: the broadband Internet and high dial-up Internet access. According to our broadband Internet prices you can find them together, planning, review and rating such as cable Internet, DSL providers, broadband wireless Internet service providers and low-cost supplier of ISDN provider